Akik Stone (Agate – Carnelian)
Know the Astrological and Ayurvedic Benefits of Akik Stone, which is also known as Agate stone, Carnelian stone and Carnelian gemstone.
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ShareAkik Stone (Agate – Carnelian) – The Astrological and Ayurvedic Benefits
Introduction
Akik Stone, also known as Agate Stone, Carnelian Stone (also spelled cornelian), is a brownish-red mineral that is commonly used as a semi-precious gemstone.
Similar to carnelian is sard, which is generally harder and darker. The difference is not rigidly defined, and the two names are often used interchangeably. Both carnelian and sard are varieties of the silica mineral chalcedony colored by impurities of iron oxide. The color can vary greatly, ranging from pale orange to an intense almost-black coloration. Although now the more common term, carnelian is a 16th-century corruption of the 14th-century word cornelian (and its associated orthographies cornelian and cornalyn). Cornelian, cognate with similar words in several Romance languages, comes from the Mediaeval Latin corneolus, itself derived from the Latin word cornum, the cornel cherry, whose translucent red fruits resemble the stone. The Oxford English Dictionary calls “carnelian” a perversion of “cornelian” by subsequent analogy with the Latin words caro, carnis, and flesh. According to Pliny the Elder, sard derives its name from the city of Sardis in Lydia, but it more likely comes from the Persian word ‘ sered’, meaning yellowish red. It is beneficial for the heart, increases intelligence, used in eye disorders, leucorrhea, and kidney damage.
कारेलियन (जिसे कॉर्नेलियन भी कहा जाता है)/एगेट/अकीका/रुधिराम एक भूरा-लाल खनिज है जिसका उपयोग आमतौर पर अर्ध-कीमती रत्न के रूप में किया जाता है। कारेलियन के समान सार्ड है, जो आम तौर पर सख्त और गहरा होता है। अंतर को कठोरता से परिभाषित नहीं किया गया है, और दोनों नामों को अक्सर एक दूसरे के स्थान पर उपयोग किया जाता है। कारेलियन और सार्ड दोनों ही आयरन ऑक्साइड की अशुद्धियों से रंगे सिलिका खनिज चैलेडोनी की किस्में हैं। रंग बहुत भिन्न हो सकता है, हल्के नारंगी से लेकर गहरे लगभग काले रंग तक। हालाँकि अब यह अधिक सामान्य शब्द है, कार्नेलियन 14वीं शताब्दी के शब्द कॉर्नेलियन (और इससे जुड़ी शब्दावली कॉर्नेलिन और कॉर्नेलिन) का 16वीं शताब्दी का अपभ्रंश है।
Ayurvedic View of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
अकीक, यह सिलिका का खनिज है। यह एक Cryptocrystalline quartz है। यह दुग्धाभ, पीताभ, रक्ताभ, इषत नील धूसरवर्ण आदि कई रंगों में प्राप्त होता है | यह किंच्चित पारदर्शक तथा अपारदर्शक भी है। इसके एक पत्थर के अन्दर अनेक bands रहते हैं। रंग एक band से दूसरे band का पृथक् रहता है। यह तरंगों के तरह wavy, straight प्रत्येक band के बीच में gap रहता है। इसी वजह से इसमें कृत्रिम वर्ण डाल सकते हैं। अकीक में 80-90% सिलिका प्राप्त होता है। कृत्रिम रूप में रंगने के किये अकीक को में रखकर बाद में इसको अग्नि में तपाते है तब ये लाल रंग का हो जाता है। सिलिका युक्त मूल्यवान पत्थरों में अकीक का प्रचार अधिक हो इसका विवरण यूनानी पुस्तकों में अधिक मिलता है। किन्तु भारतीय भूमि में यह बहुत अधिक निकलता है। इंग्लिश में जो Agate नाम कहा जाता है वह इसलिए कहा जाता है कि सिसली में नदी के किनारे से मिलने के कारण अगेट पड़ा है। भारत वर्ष में जामखम्भालिया के पर्वतों में उच्च श्रेणी की अकीक मिलता है। इसका कटिंग एवं पालिशिंग सूरत में होता है। सूरत, मोर्वीं, राजपीपला रामपुर, (अहमदाबाद में) यह पर्याप्त मात्रा में मिलता है। सूरत में इसको पकाने, रंगने, चमक लाने व पालिश करने व काटने के कारखाने है। इसी प्रकार भड़ोच, खम्भात में भी पालिश एवं व्यापारिक कारखाने हैं। पत्थरों के गर्भ में स्वयं निर्मित होता है। प्रारम्भ में इसके छोटे-छोटे दाने बनते हैं और यह स्फटिक के क्रिस्टलों की तरह उसी जाति के कणों के संग्रह से बन जाता है। अपक्वावस्था में इसको स्फटिक से पृथक करना कठिन है। धीरे-धीरे जमते-जमते इसके दानों का संघात कठिन होकर बड़े एवं मोटे स्तर बन जाते हैं। जाम खम्बालिया के पत्थरों के बीच-बीच छोटे-छोटे एक डेढ़ इंच लम्बे टुकड़े मिलते है। पत्थर के कारीगर इसे पत्थर का हृदय (पाषाण हृदय) या कल्बुल हिज्र कहते हैं और हृदयरोग में धारण करने की सलाह देते हैं। यह प्रथम श्वेत व ईषन्नील नव वर्ण के होते हैं। इन्हें एकत्र करके एक निश्चित तापमान में रखने पर गुलाबी लाल या गहरा लाल या श्याम नील गुलाबी रंग बनता है। यही नहीं नीला लाल कृष्ण वर्ण व कई रंग का इसे बना लेते हैं और काटकर पालिश कर बाजार में बेचते हैं। यह रंगीन बड़ा मूल्यवान पत्थर है। इसका काठिन्य ७ है। यह दुग्धाभ (श्वेताभ), पीताभ, रक्ताभ, ईषत् नील, धूसरवर्ण आदि कई रंगों का होता है। रक्त वर्ण का अकीक उत्तम है। इसके घटकों में ८ ०- ९० % सिलिका (सिकता) न्यूनाधिक प्रमाण में एल्युमीनियम ऑक्साइड ऑफ आयर्न या ऑक्साइड ऑफ मैंगनीज होता है। अकीक कि पिष्टी या भस्म बनाकर चिकित्सार्थ प्रयोग किया जाता है।
Akik / Agate is a mineral of silica. This is a Cryptocrystalline quartz. It is available in many colors like milky, yellow, bloody, blueish gray, etc. It is somewhat transparent and also opaque. There are many bands inside this one stone. The color remains different from one band to another. It is wavy like waves, straight and there is a gap between each band. For this reason, artificial characters can be inserted into it. 80-90% silica is obtained in Akik. Artificially colored Agate/ Akika is kept in a container and later heated in a fire, then it becomes red. Description of Akika being more popular among precious stones containing silica is found mostly in Greek books. But it comes out in large quantities in Indian soil. The name Agate is spoken in English because it is said to be found on the banks of a river in Sicily. In India, high-grade Akika is found in the mountains of Jamkhambhaliya. Its cutting and polishing takes place in Surat. It is available in sufficient quantities in Surat, Morwin, Rajpipla, and Rampur (Ahmedabad). There are factories in Surat for cooking, coloring, polishing, and cutting. Similarly, there are polishing and trading factories in Bharuch and Khambhat. It is self-made in the womb of stones. Initially, small grains are formed, and it is formed by a collection of particles of the same species as the crystals of crystals. It is difficult to separate it from the crystal in its raw state. Gradually as it freezes, its grains become hard and become larger and thicker layers. Small pieces of one and a half inch long are found in between the stones of Jamkhambhalia. Stone craftsmen call it stone heart (stone heart) or Kalbul Hijr and recommend wearing it in case of heart disease. These first ones are of white and blackish blue color. When these are collected and kept at a certain temperature, pink-red dark red, or dark blue-pink color is formed. Not only this, but they also make it in blue, red, Krishna, and many other colors, cut it, polish it, and sell it in the market. It is a colorful precious stone. Its hardness is 7. It is of many colors like milky (white), yellowish, bloody, pale blue, gray, etc. The color blood of Akika is the best. Its constituents include 80- 90% silica (silica) in more or less quantity, aluminum oxide of iron, or oxide of manganese. Akika is prepared into Pishti or Bhasma and is used for medical purposes.
Astrological View of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
उपरत्न वर्ग के खनिजपाषाण में काठिन्य, चमक, पारदर्शकता रत्नो की अपेक्षा कम गुणवाले होते है। इनका मूल्य भी कम होता है। अतः इन्हें उपरत्न कहा जाता है। उपरत्नों की संख्या में मतभिन्नता है- आनन्दकन्दकार ने 9 उपरत्न माने है। जबकि आयुर्वेदप्रकाशकार ने 15 उपरत्न माने है। बृहद योगतरंगिणीकार ने 4 ही उपरत्न माने है। रसतरंगिणीकार ने छः उपरत्न माने है। आनन्दकन्दकार ने विमल, सस्यक, कान्त एवं तारकान्त को भी उपरत्न में शामिल कर दिया है। बृहत् योग तरंगिणीकार ने मुक्ता प्रवाल को भी उपरत्न वर्ग में मानकर और भी भ्र्म पैदा किया है। आयुर्वेद प्रकाशकार ने ५ प्रचलित उपरत्नो के अतिरिक्त १० नए उपरत्न को इस वर्ग में शामिल किया है परन्तु सबसे अधिक रस तरंगिणी का मत ही प्रचलित है।
Reference- आ. क. क्रि. व १/ १२
सूर्यकान्तश्चन्द्रकान्तस्तारकान्तस्तु कान्तक: ।
वैक्रान्तश्च नृपावर्तस्सस्यको विमला तथा।
Reference: आयुर्वेद प्रकाश ५/ ६- ८
वैक्रान्तः सूर्यकान्तश्च चन्द्रकान्तश्तथैवं च: ।
राजावर्तो लालसंज्ञ: पैरोजाख्यस्तथा अपर: ।।
मुक्ता शुक्तिस्तथा शेख: कर्पूरशमा अथ काचजा: ।
मणयो नीलपीताद्या हन्ये विषहराश्च ये।।
वह्यादिस्तम्भका ये च ते सर्वे हि परीक्षकै: ।
गणिता द्लुपरत्नेषु मणयो लोकविश्रुता: ।।
Reference: बृहत् योग तरंगिण ४३/ ८२
मुक्ता विद्रुम शंखाश्व राजावर्तस्तथैव च। उपरत्नानि चत्वारि कथितानि मनीषिभिः।।
Reference: Rasa Trangini. 23/ 154
वैक्रान्त सूर्यकान्त चन्द्रकांतो नृपो पल |
पेरोजकञ्च स्फटिकम क्षुद्र रत्न गणो हव्यम।।
There are six Uparatna as per Rasa Trangini
- Vaikranta (Fluorite / Tormaline)
- Suryakanta (Spinel) (Na, O, CaO, Al, 2SiO)
- Candrakant (Moonstone) (K, Si, O, Na, Al, Si)
- Raja-varta (Lapis Lazuli) (Na, Ca), (Al, SiO) (S, SO, Cl)
- Pairojaka (Turquoise)
- Sphatika (Rock crystal)
A few gems are also added to the list of Uparatna by NCISM and they mention a total 13 number of Upratnas. They are as follows:
- Vaikranta (Fluorite / Tormaline)
- Suryakanta (Spinel) (Na, O, CaO, Al, 2SiO)
- Candrakant (Moonstone) (K, Si, O, Na, Al, Si)
- Raja-varta (Lapis Lazuli) (Na, Ca), (Al, SiO) (S, SO, Cl)
- Pairojaka (Turquoise)
- Sphatika (Rock crystal
- Putika (Peridote)
- Trinkanta (Amber, Succinum)
- Rudhiram/ rudhir Putika (Carnelion)
- Palankam/ Palakam (Onyx, CaSO4, 2H2O)
- Vyomasma (Jade)
- Kosheyaashm
- Sougandhik
Upratna is Mentioned in Different Ayurvedic Literature
| Upratna name/ semi-precious stone | Aayurveda Parkasha | Aanand Kand | Brihat Yog Trangini | Rasa Trangini |
| Suryakanta | + | + | – | + |
| Chandrakant | + | + | – | + |
| Vaikrant | + | + | – | + |
| Rajavart | + | + | + | + |
| Perojak | + | + | – | + |
| Saphatik | – | – | – | + |
| Taarkaant | – | + | – | – |
| Kaant | – | + | – | – |
| Sasyak | – | + | – | – |
| Vimal | – | + | – | – |
| Laalmani | + | – | – | – |
| Mukta Shukti | + | – | – | – |
| Shankh | + | – | + | – |
| Karpurashma | + | – | – | – |
| Kaachmani | + | – | – | – |
| Neelmani | + | – | – | – |
| Peetmani | + | – | – | – |
| Vishhar Mani | + | – | – | – |
| Agni Stambhak Mani | + | – | – | – |
| Jal Stambhak Mani | + | – | + | – |
| Mukta | – | – | + | – |
| Parvala | – | – | + | – |
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Properties of Semi-Precious Stone (Upratna)
| Name | Chemical composition | Structure | Hardness | Specific Gravity | Refractive index | Double refraction |
| Fluorite (Vaikrant) | CaF2 | Cubic | 4 | 3.18 | 1.43 | None |
| Spinel (Suryakant) | MgAl2O4 | Cubic | 8 | 3.60 | 1.71- 1.73 | None |
| Moonstone (Chandrakant) | KAlSi3O8 | Monoclinic | 6 | 2.57 | 1.52- 1.53 | 0.005 |
| Lapis Lazuli (Rajavart) | (Na, Ca)8, (Al, Si12 O24 (SO4) Cl2 (OH)2 | Various | 5.5 | 2.80 | 1.50 | None |
| Turquoise (Perojaka) | Cu Al6 (PO4)4 (OH)8 5 H2O | Triclinic | 6 | 2.80 | 1.61- 1.65 | 0.004 |
| Rock Crystal (Sphatika) | SiO2 | Trigonal | 7 | 2.65 | 1.54- 1.55 | 0.009 |
| Jade (Vyomashma) | NA (AL, FE) Si2O6 | Monoclinic | 7 | 3.33 | 1.66- 1.68 | 0.012 |
| Onyx (Palanka) | SiO2 | Trigonal | 7 | 2.61 | 1.53- 1.54 | 0.004 |
| Carnelian (Rudhiram, Akeek) | SiO2 | Trigonal | 7 | 2.61 | 1.53- 1.54 | 0.004 |
| Peridot (Putika) | (Mg, Fe)2 SiO4 | Orthorhombic | 6.5 | 3.34 | 1.64- 1.69 | 0.036 |
| Amber (Trinkant) | C6 H16 O | Amorphous | 2.5 | 1.08 | 1.54- 1.55 | N/ A |
Akik, Carnelian (Agate) Upratna (Semi-precious stone) is Indicated as a Substitute for Precious Stone as Per Astrological Science to Nullify the Maleficent Effect of Various Planets (Grahas) and to Treat the Roga (Disorders) Related to that Particular Planet.
Not everyone is affluent, and the affordability of precious stones remains beyond the means of many individuals. In light of this, semiprecious stones emerge as a viable and more accessible alternative. These gemstones, while not as costly as their precious counterparts, possess unique and appealing qualities. Embracing semi precious stones allows a broader spectrum of people to enjoy the beauty and symbolism associated with gemstones without the financial strain associated with acquiring precious ones.
| Planet | Precious Gem used | Substitute Semi-Precious Stone |
| Sun (Surya) | Manikya (Ruby) | – |
| Moon (Chandra) | Mukta (Pearl) | – |
| Mars (Mangala) | Vidruma (Coral) | – |
| Mercury (Buddha) | Markat (Emerald) | Agate |
| Jupiter (Guru) | Pushapraga (Topaz) | – |
| Venus (Shukra) | Vajra (Diamond) | – |
| Saturn (Shani) | Neelam (Blue sapphire) | – |
| Rahu | Gomeda (Hessonite) | – |
| Ketu | Vaidurya (Cat’s eye stone) | – |
Diseases Induced by Maleficent Effects of Planets (Greha Roga) or Diseases Induced by Dushkarma (Sinful Deeds) Done by the Rogi (Patient) i.e Karma Vipaka Siddhanta
| Planet | Diseases caused |
| Sun | Shoth (Inflammation in the body), Apsmar (Epilepsy), Paitikavikara, Jawara (Fever), Diseases of the eye, skin, and bone, rational fears, Bites from poisonous reptiles like snakes, weakening the digestive system, and constipation. |
| Moon | Sleep diseases such as Anidra (insomnia) or somnambulism (sleepwalking), Kaphaj Kasa, Atisara, Alsaya, Agnimandya (Loss of appetite), Aruchi (Disinterest in food), Kamala (Jaundice), Chitudvega, Grehani, Hydrophobia, Fear of animals with horns, Problems concerning women, Hallucinations |
| Mars | Trishna (Excessive thirst), Bilious disorders, Flatulence, Excessive fear of fire, Gulma, appendicitis, Kustha (Leprosy), eye disorder, Apsmar (Epilepsy), Rakta Vikara, Majja Vikar (Bone marrow diseases), Kandu (Itching), Ruksha Twaka (Rough skin). |
| Mercury | Lack of self-confidence, Gala Rog (Throat problems like goiter, etc.), Nasagata Rog (Nose Diseases), Vata- Kaphaj Roga, Cold and Cough, Flatulence, Poisoning. Twaka Dosha (Skin diseases), Vicharchika. Jaundice. |
| Jupiter | Gulma, Appendicitis, Karan Vedna (an ear disease), Sanyas.Frequent litigation, Problems with friends, parents, and relatives. |
| Venus | Pandu (Anaemia), Netra Roga (Disorders of the eye), Flatulence, Cough, Mutrakrich (Urinary disease), Prameha (Diabetes), Syphilis, Shukra-Vyapati (Low sperm count), Impotence, Dryness of Mouth, Constipation, Irrational fears. |
| Saturn | Flatulence, Cough, Pain in the legs, Excessive Fatigue, Illusion, Daha (Excessive heat in the body), Mental shocks, Personal calamities, and Accidents causing temporary or lasting wounds. |
| Rahu | Heart diseases such as an attack, Shotha (Inflammation), Kushtha (Leprosy), illusions, hallucinations, disease due to poisoning, excessive hurt, and wounds. |
| Ketu | Unknown mysterious diseases, cannot be easily found by doctors. |
Types of Akik, Carnelian (Agate) – As Per Astrology
- Akika (Agate)
- Jaal Yukta Akika (Veined agate)
- Shaivaal Akika (Moss agate)
- Sadharana Akika (Common agate)
Types of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
Akika or Agate semi-precious gemstone / Upratna comes in a wide variety of types, in each variety exhibits its unique characteristics. Akika / Agate captivates a diverse array of colors, patterns, and textures. The types of Akik, Carnelian (Agate) are as follows:
Blue Lace Agate: The variety of Akika / Agate which is known for its light blue color and intricate lace-like patterns, and which is delicate is known as blue lace Agate. The individuals who seek relaxation and clarity of thought, Blue lace agate is the choice that also exudes a sense of calmness. The energy from the blue lace agate variety helps in alleviating stress and anxiety, making it a famous gemstone for meditation and spiritual practices.
Moss Agate: The agate which is characterized by its greenish hue and moss-like inclusions is known as Moss Agate. This type of Agate resembles miniature landscapes within the stone. The inclusions present in Moss agate are composed of minerals such as iron oxide, and manganese, which gives moss agate its distinctive appearance. This variety of Agate / Akika / Rudhiram wearing is believed to be associated with growth, abundance, and renewal, making it a choice for those seeking to connect with nature.
Fire Agate: The Agate variety that is mesmerizing for its colors which resemble flickering flames is known as fire agate. Fire Agate exhibits a range of iridescent hues, including yellow, fiery reds, oranges, and greens, creating a dynamic and energetic appearance. This variety of the Agate is used to stimulate Chakra by the individual who does meditation.
Dendritic Agate: The agate that exhibits tree or fern-like inclusions is known as dendrites and the variety which creates organic patterns within the stone is known as Dendritic agate. The inclusions in the dendritic Akika are typically composed of iron oxide and manganese giving this type a distinctive appearance.
Botswana Agate: The Agate variety that originates from Africa, and Botswana and which has white banding patterns, gray and pink color is known as Botswana Agate.
Crazy Lace Agate: The variety of Akika / Rudhiram / Agate that exhibits vibrant and colorful banding patterns that resemble intricate lacework is known as crazy lace agate. This variety of agate is famous for its playful and whimsical appearance.
Banded Agate: The Agate that exhibits distinctive parallel bands of different colors, often in shades of white, gray, and brown is known as Banded agate. This variety of Agate / Rudhiram / Akika is famous for its mesmerizing visual effect, creating a sense of depth and complexity within the stone.
Laguna Agate: The Agate that is distributed in the remote mountains of Mexico and is famous for its vibrant colors and intricate banding patterns is known as Laguna Agate. This variety of Rudhiram / Akika / Agate is famous for its rich hues ranging from deep reds and oranges to vivid yellows and greens, creating an Agate type of unparalleled beauty and rarity.
Plume Agate: The agate that is famous for its delicacy, feathery inclusions resembling plumes or feathers, and which exhibits white or pastel colors is known as plume agate.
Carnelian Agate: The agate / Rudhiram / Akika which is known for its deep orange to reddish-brown coloration, exuding warmth and vitality is known as Carnelian Agate. This variety of agate is associated with courage, confidence, and action.
Synonyms of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
Rudhir, Puteeka, Raktashma, Raktapashana, Raktabham, Shona Hradayopa.
Names of Akik, Carnelian (Agate) in Different Languages
- Akika (Hindi)
- Umara (Punjabi)
- Aket (Tamil)
- Aget (Telegu)
- Vrddha (Marathi)
- Aleaqiq (Arabic)
- Batu Akik (Indonesian)
Formation of the Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
Akik, Carnelian (Agate) is formed through a fascinating natural process in which gas bubbles are trapped within solidifying lava and gradually filled with alkali and silica-rich water, forming a gel-like substance. This gel attracts iron from the surrounding lava, resulting in the creation of bands of iron hydroxide within the gel. As the gel loses water and crystallizes, the bands remain intact, giving agate its distinctive banded appearance. Unlike traditional mining methods, agate extraction involves narrow pits excavated to a workable depth at random locations. The size of mined agate stones varies widely, ranging from a few millimeters to as large as 15 to 20 centimeters. These stones are then exposed to sunlight for several months before being heated to a specific temperature to enhance their color and clarity.
अकीक एक आकर्षक प्राकृतिक प्रक्रिया के माध्यम से बनता है जिसमें गैस के बुलबुले ठोस लावा के भीतर फंस जाते हैं और धीरे-धीरे क्षार और सिलिका युक्त पानी से भर जाते हैं, जिससे एक जेल जैसा पदार्थ बनता है। यह जेल आसपास के लावा से लोहे को आकर्षित करता है, जिसके परिणामस्वरूप जेल के भीतर आयरन हाइड्रॉक्साइड के बैंड बनते हैं। जैसे-जैसे जेल पानी खोता है और क्रिस्टलीकृत होता है, बैंड बरकरार रहते हैं, जिससे एगेट को विशिष्ट बैंड वाला स्वरूप मिलता है। पारंपरिक खनन विधियों के विपरीत, एगेट निष्कर्षण में यादृच्छिक स्थानों पर काम करने योग्य गहराई तक खोदे गए संकीर्ण गड्ढे शामिल होते हैं। खनन किए गए सुलेमानी पत्थरों का आकार व्यापक रूप से भिन्न होता है, कुछ मिलीमीटर से लेकर 15 से 20 सेंटीमीटर तक बड़ा होता है। इन पत्थरों को उनके रंग और स्पष्टता को बढ़ाने के लिए एक विशिष्ट तापमान पर गर्म करने से पहले कई महीनों तक सूरज की रोशनी के संपर्क में रखा जाता है।
References of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
History of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
The bow drill was used to drill holes into carnelian in Mehrgarh between the 4th -5th millennium BC. Carnelian was recovered from Bronze Age Minoan layers at Knossos on Crete in a form that demonstrated its use in decorative arts, this use dates to approximately 1800 BC.
Akik, Carnelian (Agate) was used widely during Roman times to make engraved gems for signets or seal rings for imprinting a seal with wax on correspondence or other important documents. Hot wax does not stick to carnelian/ Rudhiram. Sard was used for Assyrian cylinder seals, Egyptian and Phoenician scarabs, and early Greek and Etruscan gems. Akik was found in Harappa Mohenjodaro’s discovery. From this, it is known that Akik has been commonly used in India since ancient times. The name Agate was given to the Akik, Carnelian by an old locality on the “Achate” river in southwestern Sicily.
अकीक को हड़प्पा मोहन जोदड़ो खोज में प्राप्त किया जाता था। इसी से ज्ञात होता है कि प्राचीन काल से ही अकीक का प्रयोग भारत में सामन्य रूप से होता आ रहा है। ईसा पूर्व चौथी- पांचवीं सहस्राब्दी के बीच मेहरगढ़ में कारेलियन में छेद करने के लिए धनुष ड्रिल का उपयोग किया जाता था। कारेलियन को क्रेते के नोसोस में कांस्य युग के मिनोअन परतों से एक ऐसे रूप में बरामद किया गया था, जिसने सजावटी कलाओं में इसके उपयोग को प्रदर्शित किया था | यह प्रयोग लगभग 1800 ईसा पूर्व का है। पत्राचार या अन्य महत्वपूर्ण दस्तावेजों पर मोम के साथ मुहर छापने के लिए हस्ताक्षर या सील के छल्ले के लिए ‘उत्कीर्ण रत्न’ बनाने के लिए रोमन काल के दौरान कारेलियन का व्यापक रूप से उपयोग किया जाता था। गर्म मोम कैमिलियन पर चिपकता नहीं है।
Characteristics of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
The famous variety of chalcedony, which is a type of quartz, is known as Akika or Rudhiram / agate and this semi-precious stone / Upratna is known for its vibrant colors and unique banded pattern. The chemical formula of Agate is SiO2. The refractive index of Akika is 1.53 and its specific gravity is 2.61. Here are some characteristics of agate stone are as follows:
Color: Akika / Rudhiram exhibits various colors like grey, white, green, blue, pink, brown, and red. Akika exhibits multiple layers of different colors, which creates distinctive patterns.
Banding: The main feature for which Akika / Rudhiram is famous is a banding pattern which can be curved, irregular, or straight. Due to layers of microscopic quartz fibers, these banding patterns are formed in agate / Akika.
Translucency: Akika / Rudhiram is opaque to translucent, and different varieties of Akika exhibit varying degrees of transparency.
Hardness: Akika / Rudhiram / Agate exhibits a hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, which makes it durable and suitable for use in jewelry.
Luster: Akika / Rudhiram exhibits vitreous to waxy luster, which gives it a glossy appearance when polished.
Formation: Akika / Rudhiram formation occurs in cavities within volcanic or sedimentary rocks through a process called precipitation.
Grahaya Lakshana of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
Kathina, Shlakshna, Raktavarnayukta, Yakrut varnayukta are the Grahya Lakshan of the Agate / Akika.
Reference: Rasa Jala Niddhi. 3/ 4
इंद्रगोप निभं रक्तं शुक वक्त्र समम् रुचौ।
मध्येंदु पाण्डुरं शक्र नीलाभ पटलं तथा।।
गृहीत बहु मूर्तिकम विशुद्ध वर्ण संयुतम।
प्रकट पीलू वनमानाद रुधिराख्यं हि रत्नकं।।
ऐश्वर्य कान्ति भूतिनाम दाता तत स्वल्प रत्नकं।
पक्वं एतद भवेद वज्र सदृश सुंदर च छवि।।
Akika / Rudhiram has a red color similar to that of the Indra Gopa insect or the beak of the parrot with pale and white colors in the center. This stone has also layered and colors of Indranila. The general weight of this stone is like that of Pilu fruit i.e. Salvadora persica. When this is well formed, the carnelian attains the diamond’s luster. Wearing this stone is said to give prosperity and a body glow.
अकीक की चोंच इंद्र गोप कीट या तोते की चोंच के समान लाल रंग की होती है जिसके बीच में हल्का और सफेद रंग होता है। इस पत्थर पर इंद्रनीला की परतें और रंग भी हैं। इस पत्थर का सामान्य वजन पीलू फल यानी साल्वाडोरा पर्सिका के जितना होता है। जब यह अच्छी तरह से बन जाता है, तो कारेलियन हीरे की चमक प्राप्त कर लेता है। कहा जाता है कि इस रत्न को धारण करने से समृद्धि और शरीर में चमक आती है।
Akik, Carnelian Aayu (Lifespan of Agate)
Reference: Rasa Jala Niddhi. 3/ 4, Ratna Dhatu Vigyana
न जरां यान्ति रत्नानि मौक्तिकं विद्रुमं बिना।
Though the gemstones of mineral origin are eternal, the Exception is Mukta (pearl) which has a limited lifespan, and also Vidruma- coral. After a few years, it grows old and eventually loses its character, but other gemstones are eternal, but they also need to be maintained and revitalization of them is necessary to get maximum benefits.
आयु- कुछ समय पश्चात् काल प्रभाव से प्रवाल, मुक्ता खराब हो जाते है। किन्तु अन्य रत्नों पर काल का प्रभाव नहीं होता है।
Akik, Carnelian Aayu after Dharana (Lifespan of Agate after Assumption)
It is believed by scholars that the following gemstones have effectiveness Diamond life span is 10 years, Ruby / Manik’s 12 years, Yellow Sapphire / Pukhraj’s lifespan is 15 years, Blue Sapphire / Neelam’s life span is 15 years, Emerald / Panna’s life is 12 years, Coral, Hessonite Garnet and Cat’s Eye’s lifespan is 3 to 5 years, Natural Pearl life span is 12 years.
All the other Uparatnas and other semi-precious alternate gemstones are said to have a lifespan of 3 years.
Over some time, when gemstones i.e. precious and semi-precious stones are worn these gems start to get scratches on their surface, and even start losing their high polishing due to which sun rays stop passing through the gems (Ratna) When these precious gems are wear for a long period a greasy layer starts to deposit on their surface which is probably a mixture of lubricants, oils and other materials that a wearer come in contact with it. As the deposition starts to get thicker with time, it even blocks the rays (different wavelengths) that these stones receive from the planets to give effect. Although gemstones are forever yes, their effectiveness for astrological purposes falls and therefore proper and regular maintenance is important.
Therefore, we can consider the life span of semi-precious stone Akik, Carnelian (Agate) to be 3 years.
Akik, Carnelian (Agate) Used for Different Zodiac Signs (Rashi)
Akika / Rudhira is believed to give different benefits for each Rashi Phala (zodiac sign):
Aries (Mesha Rashi): Akika / Rudhira when worn by the individual with a Mesha Rashi zodiac sign can enhance the assertiveness and confidence of the wearer.
Taurus (Vrishabh Rashi): The individual with Vrishabh Rashi on wearing and using Akika/ Rudhira brings stability in their life, and helps them to stay focused.
Gemini (Mithun Rashi): The individual with Mithun Rashi when wearing Rudhiram / Agate / Akika helps in increasing communication skills for Mithun Rashi individuals.
Cancer (Karka Rashi): The individual who wears Akika or uses Rudhiram and has the Cancer zodiac sign or Karka Rashi then provides emotional support and stability to them, helping them to remain calm during turbulent times.
Leo (Sinha Rashi): Akika / Rudhiram helps to enhance the natural leadership qualities of the individual with Sinha Rashi (Leo zodiac sign). It also helps in promoting courage and strength in such individuals.Virgo (Kanya Rashi): Akika / Rudhiram on wearing increases organization and analytical thinking of the individual with Virgo zodiac sign.
Occurrence or Places of Availability of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
The best carnelian is found in India. Akika is obtained from the mines of volcanic mountains, it is also obtained from riverbeds. Especially such rivers which flow through these mountains. Akika is available in large quantities in India and America. It is also found in Czechoslovakia, Germany, Russia, and Australia. Akika is found in Bijapur district in Karnataka. It is also obtained from the banks of the Krishna River. Akik is also obtained from the Godavari River in Andhra Pradesh.
अकीक को ज्वालामुखी पर्वतों की खानो से प्राप्त किया जाता है, ये नदी की तलों से भी प्राप्त किया जाता है। विशेष कर ऐसे नदियां जो इन्ही पर्वतों से होकर बहती है। अकीक बहुत पर्याप्त मात्रा में भारत और अमेरिका में प्राप्त होता है । चेकोस्लोवाकिया, जर्मनी, रूस , एवं ऑस्ट्रेलिया में भी प्राप्त होता है। कर्नाटक में अकीक बीजापुर जिले में प्राप्त होता है। ये कृष्णा नदी के तटों से भी प्राप्त होता है । आंध्र प्रदेश में भी गोदावरी नदी से अकीक प्राप्त होता है।
Purification of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
अर्क को प्रतप्त करके अर्क गुलाब या अर्क केवड़े में 7 बार बुझाने पर चमक रहित व् भंगुर हो जाता है।
After extracting the extract, the extract becomes lusterless and brittle after quenching it in rose extract or extract 7 times.
Incineration of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
अकीक के छोटे टुकड़ों को सूक्ष्म चूर्ण कर अर्क केवड़ा या अर्क गुलाब से भावना देकर चक्रिका बनाते है तथा सम्पुटित करके गजपुट में पाक करे । ऐसा तीन बार करने से अकीक की सुन्दर भस्म बन जाती है।
Grind small pieces of Akika into fine powder and infuse it with Kewra extract or rose extract to make a disc and after encapsulating it, cook it in Gajputa. Doing this three times turns into beautiful ash.
Akik, Carnelian (Agate) Pishti
अकीक को इमाम दस्ते में कूटकर चूर्ण करें। वस्त्रपूत और गुलाब जल की भावना देकर ३ दिनों तक मर्दन करने से अति सूक्ष्म, मिसरिन, रक्ताभ अकीक पिष्टी बनती है।
Grind Akeeka/ Agate into powder in Imam Dasta/ Pestle and mortar. By mixing the spirit of Vastraput and rose water and mixing it for 3 days, a very fine, poisonous, bloody Akika Pishti is formed.
Akik, Carnelian (Agate) Properties: (Bhasma / Incineration)
Reference: Siddha Bhaishjya Manni Mala, Pg. 91
शीतो रुक्षश्च चित्त दोषेषु गीतो रक्त स्तम्भी दाढर्यकारी द्विजानां।
हेमना साकम साधितो अतीव वृष्य: श्लक्षण: शोण: शसयते को अप्य अकीक:।।
अकीक शीत वीर्य है , रक्त स्तम्भक है, दांतो को मजबूत करने वाला है, मानसिक रोगों में लाभ पहुंचता है। स्वर्ण भस्म या सोने के वरक १/ १६ भाग मिलाकर बनाई जाती है। अकीक की पिष्टी अति वृष्य होती है। हृदय , मेध्य, नेत्रया , रक्त प्रदर तथा उर: क्षत नाशक है।
Akik/ Agate has cold potency, blood thinner, strengthens teeth and is beneficial in mental diseases. It is made by mixing 1/16th part of gold ash or gold powder. Akik’s Pishti is very dry. It is beneficial for the heart, increases intelligence, used in eye disorders, leucorrhea, and kidney damage.
Reference: Rasa Jala Niddhi. 3/ 4
ऐश्वर्य कान्ति भूतिनाम दाता तत स्वल्प रत्नकं।
पक्वं एतद भवेद वज्र सदृश सुंदर च छवि।।
When this is well formed, the carnelian attains the diamond’s luster. Wearing this stone is said to give prosperity and body glow.
जब यह अच्छी तरह से बन जाता है, तो कारेलियन हीरे की चमक प्राप्त कर लेता है। कहा जाता है कि इस रत्न को धारण करने से समृद्धि और शरीर में चमक आती है।
Guna Lakshana of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
- Rasa – Kashaya (astringent), Madhura (sweet)
- Veerya – Shita (Cold potency)
- Veepaka – Madhura (sweet)
- Guna – Ruksha, Soumya
- Doshagnata – Pittashamaka
- Karma – Hridya, Chakshushya, Rakta Sthambhana, Ashmarighana Kamottejaka, Ati Vrushya, Medhya, Mashtishka Balakarak Smarana Shakti Vardhaka, Ojo Vardhaka, Vajikara.
Akika / Rudhiram was said to quench thirst (Trishna) and protect from Jwara (fever). Persian magicians used Agate / Akika / Rudhiram and believed in curing the Vrischika Visha (stings of scorpions) and Sarp Visha (the bites of snakes), soothing the mind, preventing contagion, still thunder and lightning, and believes to bring victory over enemies.
Dosage and Usage of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
125 mgs- 375 mgs are the general dosage of the Akika Pishti and Akika Bhasma. However, the dosage of the Akika Pishti and Akika Bhasma has to be finalized after thorough consideration of all the relevant factors that affect the dosage like Atura Bala, Vyadhi Bala, etc.
Anupana (Adjuvant / Vehicle) for Use of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
Honey, Arjuna Tvaka Churna (Terminalia arjuna bark powder), Arjuna Tvaka Kashaya (Terminalia arjuna bark decoction), or any other suitable medicine.
अनुपान- मधु, अर्जुन त्वक चूर्ण, अर्जुन त्वक कषाय
Important Formulation of Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
- Akika Pishti
- Akika Bhasma
Recent Research on Akik, Carnelian (Agate)
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- Rafeemanesh, Ehsan & Majdi, Mahboobeh & Ehteshamfar, S & Fahoul, M & Sadeghian, Z. (2014). Respiratory Diseases in Agate Grinding Workers in Iran. The international journal of occupational and environmental medicine. 5. 130- 6. Background: Agate is a hard silica stone with bands of various colors, which is used in jewelry. The agate grinding workers are exposed to silica dust. Objective: To determine the prevalence of respiratory diseases in agate grinding workers and the associated factors.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 170 agate grinding workers from Mashhad, northeastern Iran, were examined. Medical and occupational history for respiratory illnesses was taken using a respiratory questionnaire of the national program of silicosis control, lung examination, spirometry, and chest radiography. Chest X-rays were interpreted according to the International Labor Office (ILO) classification system, 2000. Results: The mean ±SD of age and work duration of the participants were 31.2± 10.1 and 13± 8.2 years, respectively. The prevalence of silicosis among agate workers was 12.9 % (95% CI: 7.9%- 18.0%); 18 workers had simple and 4 had complicated silicosis. There was a significant (p< 0.05) relationship between contracting silicosis and exposure duration. 20 (11.7%) workers had symptoms consistent with chronic bronchitis and 8 (4.7%) showed asthma and asthma-like symptoms. The most frequent disorder observed in spirometry was the restrictive pattern (n= 43, 30%). In the agate grinders, clinical and spirometry findings did not match with radiological findings. Conclusion: Agate grinding workers are at increased risk for respiratory diseases, specifically for silicosis and chronic bronchitis. The disease is related to silica dust exposure, poor ventilation, and inappropriate personal protection. Ericksson, Cristiane & Brum, Irineu & Ambrós, Weslei. (2020). Standard formulations for cold dyeing routes of agates: An energy-saving option for artisanal and small-scale producers. Journal of Cleaner Production. 283. 10. 1016/ j. jclepro. 2020. 125387.
- Mrozik, M., Gotze, J., Pan, Y., & Möckel, R. (2023). Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Genesis of Agates from Chihuahua, Northern Mexico. Minerals, 13 (5), 687. https:// doi. org/ 10. 3390/ min 13050687
- Moxon, T. & Reed, S. & Zhang, Ming. (2007). Metamorphic effects on agate found near the Shap granite, Cumbria, England: As demonstrated by petrography, X-ray diffraction, and spectroscopic methods. Mineralogical Magazine. 71. 10. 1180/ minmag. 2007. 071. 4. 461.
- Cartier, Laurent. (2019). Gemstones and sustainable development: Perspectives and trends in mining, processing, and trade of precious stones. Extractive Industries and Society. 6. 10. 1016/ j. exist. 2019. 09. 005.
- Hatipoğlu, Murat & Tuncer, Yusra & Kibar, Rabia & Cetin, Ahmet & Karali, Turgay & Can, Nurdogan. (2010). Thermal properties of gem-quality moganite- rich blue chalcedony. Physical B Condensed Matter. 406. 4627-4633. 10. 1016/ j. Phys. 2010. 08. 048.
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