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Shodhana Karma (Ghata Shuddhi) – Purification of body

Shodhana means the cleansing process or purification process. It is popularly known as Shat Karma or Shodhana Karma in Gheranda Samhita and Hath Yoga Pardipika. Shat Karma is a set of six cleaning practices that helps to cleanse the important areas of the human body. It is done before other procedures like Asana, Mudra, etc.  Shodhana Karma is described in Hath Yoga Pardipika as an optional Karma and also it was not mentioned under the limbs of Hatha Yoga. While in Gheranda Samhita, Shodhana Karma is one of the seven limbs of Ghata Yoga (Sapta Shadhnam). In Gheranda Samhita, Shodhana Karma (Nirmanu Nadi Shodhana) is considered the Method of Nadi Shodhana (G. S. V/ 36, 37). 

Note:- Expert advice is necessary before doing any Karma (procedure)

What is Shat Karma or Shodhana Karma?

Gheranda Samhita, Prathama Updesha, 12

धौतिर्वस्तिस्तथा नेति लौलिकीत्राटकं तथा। 

कपालभातिश्चैतनि षट कर्माणि समाचरेत्‌।। 

शोधन छ: प्रकार के होते हैं- धौति, वस्ति, नेति, लौलिकी, त्राटक और कपालभाति। 

इन धौति आदि छः प्रकार के कर्मयोगों का साधक को आचरण अर्थात्‌ सम्यक्‌ रूपेण अभ्यास करना चाहिये। 

There are six types of purification – Dhauti, Vasti, Neti, Lauliki, Tratak and Kapalbhati. The practice of these six types of dhauti etc., should be practiced properly.

Hath Yoga Pradipika, Dwitya Updesha, 22

धौतिर्वस्तिस्तथा नेति त्राटकं नौलिकं तथा |

कपालभातिश्चैतनि षट कर्माणि प्रचक्षते ||

षटकर्मों के नाम- उन छह कर्मों के क्रमशः ये नाम हैं- १. धौति, २. वस्ति, ३. नेति, ४. त्राटक, ५. नौलि एवं ६. कपालभाति। 

Names of Shatkarmas- These are the names of those six deeds respectively- 1. Dhauti, 2. Vasti, 3. Neti, 4. Trataka, 5. Nauli and 6. Kapalbhati.

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Indication of Shodhana Karma

Shodhana Karma is not indicated for everyone. The yoga practitioner who is eligible for Shat Karma or Shodhana Karma is mentioned below.

Hath Yoga Pradipika, Dwitya Updesha, 21

मेद: श्लेष्मा अधिक: पूर्वं षट कर्माणि समाचरेत्‌। 

अन्यस्तु नाचरेत्‌ तानि, दोषाणां समभावत: ।। 

यदि कोई हठयोगाभ्यासी शरीर से स्थूल है, उसकी श्लेष्मा मेदोधातु बढ़ी हुई है तो ऐसे साधक को शरीर से श्लेष्मा की निवृत्ति हेतु, प्राणायामाभ्यास से पूर्व अपने शरीर पर षट् कर्मों का प्रयोग भी अवश्य करना चाहिये। अन्य (साधारण शरीर वाले) साधक के लिये षट्कर्मों का प्रयोग आवश्यक नहीं है।

If a hatha yoga practitioner is gross from the body (obese), his mucous membrane has increased (Kaphaand Meda Dhatu increased), then such a seeker must use the six Karmas on his body before Pranayama, to get rid of the mucus from the body. For other (ordinary body) seekers, it is not necessary to use Shat Karmas.

Ghrehya Mala

षट्कर्मों के सम्बन्ध में ग्रहया मल मे इस प्रकार कहा गया है-

धौतिश्च गजकरिणी च वस्तिलौलीनेतिस्तथा। 

कपालभातिश्चेतानि षटकर्माणि  माहेश्वरी।। 

कर्मषट्कमिदं गोप्यं घटशोधनकारणम्‌।

मेद्श्लेष्माधिक: पूर्व षट्कर्माणि समाचरेत्‌।। 

अन्यथ. नाचरेत्तानि दोषाणामप्यभावत:।। 

आशय यह है कि धौति, गजकरिणी, वस्ति, लौली, नेति एवं कपालभाति– ये छ: ही षट्कर्म कहलाते हैं। इन्हीं छः कर्मों द्वारा शरीर की शुद्धि सम्भव होती है और यह परम गोपनीय होता है। जिस मनुष्य का शरीर मेद एवं श्लेष्मा से पूरित होता है, वही मनुष्य उक्त षट्कर्म को करने का अधिकारी होता है। उसके अतिरिक्त अन्य किसी के लिये इस षट्कर्म का आचरण करना उचित नहीं होता।

The meaning is that Dhauti, Gajakarini, Vasti, Loli, Neti, and Kapalbhati – these are called six Shatkarmas. The purification of the body is possible through these six actions, and it is supremely secret. The person whose body is full of fat and mucus, that person is entitled to perform the said Shatkarma. Apart from them, it is not proper for anyone else to conduct this Shat karma.

Dr. Sahil Gupta completed his Bachelor of Ayurveda in Medicine and Surgery (B.A.M.S.) and Master’s Degree in Health Administration (MHA) India. He is Registered Ayurvedic Doctor & Vaidya in India having Registration No. 23780. He is the CEO and founder of IAFA. After completing BAMS, Dr. Sahil Gupta started practicing Ayruveda by giving prime importance to allergic disorders management. He became the first Ayurvedic doctor to cure Food Allergies through Ayurveda. Read More About Dr. Sahil Gupta.

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